Anthelmintic drugs play a significant role in controlling parasitic infections in camels and are important in ensuring animal health, productivity, and welfare. Benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones and other anthelmintics are used extensively and are often based on dosage regimes extrapolated from other species of livestock because of limited camel specific data. These anthelmintic drugs are proven effective against multiple parasites, including nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes. The indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs causes serious problems, including drug toxicity, extended tissue and milk residues, and unintended clinical consequences. However, drug toxicity and residue-related issues pose significant public health concerns. Camels have unique physiologic and metabolic features which impact their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs and may predispose camels to adverse drug reactions if traditional dosing regimens are used. This article presents a critical review of the use of anthelmintic drugs and their reported evidence of toxicity in camels. Greater awareness and focused research are critical to optimize parasite control with a minimum of toxicological and public health consequences.

To Cite This Article: Aljohani ASM, 2026. Anthelmintic toxicity in camels: emerging risks and clinical consequences. Pak Vet J, 46(3): 485-492. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2026.038