Abdul Ahad*, Masood Rabbani, Altaf Mahmood1,
Zulfiqar Hussan Kuthu2, Arfan Ahmad and Muhammad Mahmudur
Rahman
Department of Microbiology, 1Department
of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2Department of Animal
Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Lahore, Pakistan; 3Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh
Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: ahadvet1969@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract
Influenza A viruses infect various mammals like
human, horse, pig and birds as well. A total of 16 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9
neuraminidase (NA) subtypes have been identified. Most of the combinations are
found in birds and relatively few have been isolated from mammals. Although
there is no report of human to human transmission till to date, several cases of
H5N1, H7N7 and H9N2 identified in humans since 1997 raised serious concern for
health and veterinary profession. This review paper will focus H9N2 avian
influenza virus (AIV) with special emphasis on zoonosis. The virus H9N2 though
not highly pathogenic like H5N1 but can be virulent through antigenic drift and
shift.