Possible Participation of Canine Distemper Virus
in the Development of Neuromuscular Disease in an Adult Dog
Rogério A Marcasso1,
Mônica V Bahr Arias2, Ana Paula da Silva3, Ana
Paula FRL Bracarense1, Amauri A Alfieri3,
Alice F Alfieri3 and Selwyn A Headley1*
1Laboratories of Animal Pathology and 3Virology,
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual
de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; 2Department of Veterinary
Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil *Corresponding author:selwyn.headley@uel.br
Abstract
This report investigated the possible
participation of canine distemper virus (CDV) in an eight-year-old, male, Akita
dog with neuromuscular disease. Clinically, there was tetraparesis, muscular
atrophy, generalized weakness, intolerance to exercise, and diminished or absent
spinal reflexes. The dog was serologically negative for
Toxoplasma gondii. Necropsy confirmed
generalized muscular atrophy. Histopathology revealed white matter demyelinating
encephalitis, generalized atrophy and fibrosis of skeletal muscle fibers,
myocardial atrophy and fibrosis, loss and demyelination of peripheral nerve
fibers, axonal degeneration, endoneural fibrosis, and interstitial pneumonia.
Immunohistochemistry identified CDV antigens within the cerebellum, spinal cord,
skeletal muscle, lungs, and spleen. RT-PCR and direct sequencing amplified the
CDV nucleoprotein gene from the cerebellum and sciatic nerves. Collectively,
these findings suggest that this dog demonstrated systemic canine distemper that
also affected the muscular system and probably triggered the manifestations of
the neuromuscular disease observed in this case.