Comparative Evaluation of Methadone Administration at
Different Periods in Bitches Undergoing Mastectomy
RAR Uscategui1*, MAR Feliciano2,
CF Tiosso1, JV Moro1, LN Coutinho3,
MBS Brito2 and WRR Vicente2
1Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery;
2Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and
Animal Reproduction, University Estadual Paulista - UNESP,
Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; 3Department of Veterinary Medicine,
University Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brazil
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate pain, anesthetic requirements, and
cardiorespiratory variables in bitches subjected to mastectomy that received
methadone pre, trans, or postoperatively. Thirty-six bitches undergoing
unilateral mastectomy were randomly allocated into 3 groups in a prospective
blind clinical trial. Preoperative group (PRE) received 0.5 mg/kg methadone IM
20 minutes prior to anesthesia induction and placebo at the trans and
postoperative periods, transoperative group (TRA) received 0.5 mg/kg methadone
IM 20 minutes after skin incision and placebo at others periods, and the
postoperative group (POS) received 0.5 mg/kg methadone IM once surgery was
completed and placebo at other periods. Propofol dose was needed for anesthetic
induction (PDI). Heart (HR) and respiratory rate (fR), mean arterial pressure
(MAP), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), end tidal CO2 pressure (EtCO2), and
isoflurane concentration (EtISO) were evaluated every 10 minutes until the end
of the surgical procedure. Pain intensity (Melbourne Pain Scale) and rescue
analgesia requirements were evaluated for six hours after surgery. Postoperative
pain was lower in PRE and TRA (P=0.036); however, no differences (P=0.410) were
observed in postoperative rescue analgesia requirements between the groups, even
though only 8% of PRE and TRA patients required it against 25% in POS. MAP and
EtCO2 were higher (P<0.001) in PRE and TRA, while EtISO was lower (P<0.001). PRE
showed lower PDI (P=0.016) and HR (P=0.003). In conclusion, pre and
transoperative methadone administration result in preemptive pain relief, reduce
anesthetic requirements, and consequently cause less cardiovascular depression
in bitches undergoing mastectomy, although it possibly leads to hypoventilation.