PAKISTAN VETERINARY JOURNAL

Pak Vet J, 2020, 40(3): 343-349

Molecular Screening of Resistant and Virulent Genes in Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium from Poultry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Yasin Ahmad¹, Rabaab Zahra¹, Muhammad Ijaz Ali², Muhammad Hasnain Riaz³, Rafiullah Khan⁴, Khalid Khan*, Muhammad Tahir Khan⁵, Muhammad Faraz Khan⁶, Shafiq Ullah⁷, Faizul Hassan⁸, Anwar Ali⁹, and Muhammad Tariq Zeb*

¹Department of Microbiology Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; ²Director, Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan; ³Research Officer, Genomic Laboratory, Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan; ⁴Principal Research Officer, Veterinary Research & Disease Investigation Center, Kohat, Pakistan; *Director, Foot & Mouth Disease Vaccine Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan. Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; ⁶Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Agriculture University Peshawar, Pakistan; ⁷Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan; ⁸Senior Research Officer, Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan, ⁹Principal Research Officer, Center of Biological Production, Veterinary Research Insitute, Peshawar, Pakistan; *Senior Research Officer, In-charge Genomic Laboratory, Veterinary Research Insitute, Peshawar, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: drtariqzeb@gmail.com; khalidvet75@yahoo.com

Abstract

The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and its dominant serovars, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium by phenotypic and molecular characterization in poultry. We reported the antimicrobial resistance profile, biofilm formation and presence of resistant and virulent genes of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium of poultry origin in Peshawar. A total of 310 liver samples were collected from morbid and dead birds and processed both by direct plating and selective enrichment methods. Over all prevalence of Salmonella was found to be 21.6% in poultry liver. PCR based molecular screening of Salmonella isolates through serovar specific genes revealed that S. Enteritidis (74.11%) and S. Typhymurium (18.8%) were the most prevalent serovars. Salmonella isolates were found highly resistant to Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Nalidixic acid, Doxycycline, Sulfamethoxazole and Erythromycin. While susceptibility of Salmonella isolates was noted against Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Meropenem, Amikacin, Norfloxacin and Ceftazidime. The prevalence of MDR strains were found to be 93.3% of the total isolates while 14.4% isolates were ESBLs producers. The most prevalent resistant genes in Salmonella were sul1 (98.8%), sul2 (97.6%), gyrA (95.2%), strB and CTX-M (80%). Four virulent genes i.e. SpaN, CsgA, SipA and MsgA were present in more than 80% of isolated strains of Salmonella. Hence, it was concluded that poultry birds in the Peshawar region are carrier of highly resistant and virulent S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium strains and are a potential public health risk. A routine surveillance and a regulated antimicrobial application are required for control and prevention of the current situation in the poultry.

To Cite This Article: Ahmad Y, Zahra R, Ali MI, Riaz MH, Khan R, Khan K, Khan MT, Khan MF, Ullah S, Hassan F, Ali A and Zeb MT, 2020. Molecular screening of resistant and virulent genes in Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium from Poultry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pak Vet J, 40(3): 343-349. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.044

Abstract

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)
ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)