Surveillance and Detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex and
Mycobacteriumavium Complex in Captive
Non-Human Primates in Zoological Parks
Yusuf Madaki Lekko1, Peck Toung Ooi1, Sharina
Omar2,
Mazlina Mazlan2, Nyanavelan Sivapalan3, Siti
Zubaidah Ramanoon4, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1,
Sabri Jasni5 and Azlan Che-Amat1*
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang,
Malaysia; 2Department of Veterinary Pathology &
Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia;
3Zoo
Melaka, Lebuh Ayer Keroh, Hang Tuah Jaya, 75450 Ayer Keroh, Melaka;
4Department of Farm and Exotic Animal Medicine and
Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia; 5Department of Paraclinical,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan,
Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
*Corresponding author:
c_azlan@upm.edu.my
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a globally important reemerging disease that is chronic,
multi host infection caused by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), which causes disease in
livestock, wildlife and zoonotic TB in humans. Twelve (n=12) different species
of
NHPs were screened for MTBC and MAC in Zoo Melaka, Malaysia. The surveillance of
MTBC and MAC was through the application of skin test, serology and PCR. The
results showed two orangutan Pongo
spp. (16.7%) were reactive to skin test with orangutan A showing obvious
swelling of eyelids with drooping and varying degrees of erythema
and
orangutan B with moderate swelling of the eyelids with drooping and without
erythema. For the antibody detection against MTBC, these two
orangutans were positive by serology
(16.7%), all other NHPs were antibody negative. Polymerase chain reaction from
the blood of all NHPs was negative for the MTBC, however, all samples from blood
and pharyngeal swab were PCR positive forMAC.In conclusion MAC was
detected in captive NHPs population probably due to exposure to the environment
without completely discriminating MTBC.
To Cite This Article:
Lekko YM, Ooi PT, Omar S,
Mazlan M, Sivapalan N, Ramanoon SZ, Jesse FFA, Jasni S and A Che-Amat
S, 2022. Surveillance and detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Mycobacteriumavium complex in captive non-human
primates in zoological parks. Pak Vet J,
42(3): 340-345. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2022.057