Newcastle Disease Virus as a Viral Vector
Platform for Poultry Vaccines: A Review
Faisal Masoud1*,
Muhammad Adnan Ashraf 2,
Muhammad Wasim Usmani3, Azhar Rafique4, and
Rizwan Aslam1
1Institute
of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;
2Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; 3Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan; 4Department
of Zoology, Government college university, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
*Corresponding author:
drmasoud26@gmail.com
Abstract
Viral vector vaccines
are excellent in stimulating a strong immune response to the vaccine antigen.
The discovery of reverse genetics has given us an empirical foundation for the
use of the Newcastle disease virus (paramyxovirus), as a vaccine vector. It has
the potential to be a promising virus vector due to its ability to replicate in
the respiratory system, modular nature of transcription, capacity to induce
local and systematic immune responses, lower probability of recombination in
host cells, high degree of stability to the foreign gene, high titer growth in
cell lines, the natural pathogen of poultry, and a proven track record of
safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity. Here, we elaborate on the biology of the
Newcastle disease virus, important steps in plasmid construct for in vitro
transcription, rescue of recombinant NDVs, pre-clinical assessment of NDV
vectored poultry vaccines, main bottlenecks, and future prospects. By
eliminating the primary barrier such as interference of maternally derived
antibodies (MDAs), NDV vectored marketable vaccines can reduce vaccinal stress
on birds while also relieving economic burden on poultry producers. Furthermore,
innovative NDVs can be employed as marker or DIVA vaccines in disease
eradication campaigns.
To Cite This Article:
Masoud F, Ashraf MA,
Usmani MW, Rafique A, and Aslam R, 2024.
Newcastle disease virus as a viral vector platform for poultry vaccines: a
review. Pak Vet J, 44(3): 539-546.
http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.217