Prophylactic Effects of Methylene Blue, Coconut and Olive Oils
Supplements on Hemato-Biochemical and Histopathological Parameters
against p-Phenylenediamine
Toxicity in Mice
Majeeda Rasheed1$, Muhammad Arfan Zaman2,
Aqdas Zafar3$,Muzaffar Ali Khan4,
Shazia Anjum3,5*, Hafiz Muhammad Ali6*,
Shafqat Hussain3,Moazzama Zafar3,Jamila
Yaseen3 and Riaz Hussain6
1$Department
of Life Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and
Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan,Punjab, Pakistan;
2Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and
Veterinary Sciences, Jhang. 3$Institute of Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, the Islamia University
of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Punjab, Pakistan;4Department
of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya
University Multan, Pakistan, Post code 60800.
5H.E.J.
Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical
and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270,
Pakistan
6Faculty
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
$Aqdas
Zafar and Majeeda Rasheed contributed equally to this work.
Self-poisoning with p-phenylenediamine
(PPD) is a common method in individuals experiencing social or economic stress.
The current study was planned to determine various physiological effects of the
poison and to identify an effective antidote against PPD poisoning. The hemato-biochemical
profile along with histopathological examination of kidneys, brain, heart and
lungs were conducted in the adult male albino mice (n=25) supplemented with
methylene blue, coconut and olive oils post-PPD poisoning. A significant
(p<0.05) decrease in the hematological parameters except a significant (p<0.05)
increase in the leukocyte count was observed in the animals injected only with
PPD (30mg/kg BW) compared to the control negative group. The animals
supplemented with methylene blue, olive, or coconut oils post-PPD injection
showed a significant (p<0.05) amelioration in the hematological parameters
compared to the PPD-only control group. PPD toxicity significantly (p<0.01)
increased the hepatic (ALT, AST, bilirubin) and renal (urea, creatinine) markers
and level of CK-MB compared to the control negative group. The supplementation
of animals with methylene blue, coconut and olive oils showed protective effects
by significantly (p<0.05) decreasing the levels of hepatic and renal markers and
CK-MB along with improvement in the histo-architecture of the heart, kidneys,
lungs and brain. The animals supplemented with olive oil showed better results,
since it has been found to partially reverse the effects of PPD poisoning
compared to methylene blue and coconut oil and thus, could be used as a possible
anti-dote against PPD toxicity.
To Cite This Article:
Rasheed M, Zaman MA, Zafar A,Khan MA, Anjum S, Ali HM, Hussain S,Zafar
M,Yaseen J, and Hussain R, 2024.
Prophylactic effects of methylene blue,
coconut and olive oils supplements on hemato-biochemical and histopathological
parameters against p-Phenylenediamine
poisoning in mice. Pak Vet J.
http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.193