Prophylactic Effects of Methylene Blue, Coconut and
Olive Oils Supplements on Hemato-Biochemical and Histo-pathological
Parameters against p-Phenylenediamine
Toxicity in Male Albino Rats
Majeeda Rasheed1$, Muhammad Arfan
Zaman2$, Aqdas Zafar3#,Muzaffar
Ali Khan4#,Shazia Anjum3,5*, Hafiz
Muhammad Ali6**, Shafqat Hussain3,Moazzama
Zafar3,Jamila Yasin3, Riaz Hussain6
and Atiq Ali6
1Department
of Life Sciences, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and
Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
2Department
of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Veterinary Sciences,
Jhang, Pakistan
3Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, the
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
4Department
of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya
University Multan-60800, Pakistan
5H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical
and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270,
Pakistan
6Faculty
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
$Majeeda
Rasheed and Muhammad Arfan Zaman contributed equally to this work
#Aqdas
Zafar and Muzaffar Ali Khan contributed equally to this work
Self-poisoning with p-phenylenediamine
(PPD) is a common method in individuals experiencing social or economic stress.
The current study was planned to determine various physiological effects of the
poison and to identify an effective antidote against PPD toxicity. The hemato-biochemical
profile along with histo-pathological examination of kidneys, brain, heart and
lungs were conducted in the adult male albino rats (n=25) supplemented with
methylene blue, coconut and olive oils post-PPD toxicity. A significant (p<0.05)
decrease in the hematological parameters except a significant (p<0.05) increase
in the leukocyte count was observed in the animals injected only with PPD
(30mg/kg BW) compared to the control negative group. The animals supplemented
with methylene blue, olive, or coconut oils post-PPD injection showed a
significant (p<0.05) amelioration in the hematological parameters compared to
the PPD-only control group. PPD toxicity significantly (p<0.01) increased the
hepatic (ALT, AST, bilirubin) and renal (urea, creatinine) markers and level of
CK-MB compared to the control negative group. The supplementation of animals
with methylene blue, coconut and olive oils showed protective effects by
significantly (p<0.05) decreasing the levels of hepatic and renal markers and
CK-MB along with improvement in the histo-architecture of the heart, kidneys,
lungs and brain. The animals supplemented with olive oil showed better results,
since it has been found to partially reverse the effects of PPD toxicity
compared to methylene blue and coconut oil and thus, could be used as a possible
anti-dote against PPD toxicity.
To Cite This Article:
Rasheed M, Zaman MA,
Zafar A, Khan MA, Anjum S, Ali HM, Hussain S,Zafar M,Yasin J,
Hussain R and Ali A, 2024. Prophylactic
effects of methylene blue, coconut and olive oils supplements on hemato-biochemical
and histo-pathological parameters against
p-Phenylenediamine toxicity in male albino rats. Pak Vet J, 44(3):
840-846.
http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.193