Diabetes mellitus (DM)
is a metabolic condition marked by a decreased body's capacity to produce or
react to endocrine hormones to keep blood glucose levels within normal ranges.
DM is categorized into type 1 DM (T1DM), type 2
DM (T2DM), and gestational diabetes. T2DM
accounts for 90% of DM cases and is largely associated with diet. In this
research, bitter gourd seeds (BGS) were incorporated at 10% into crackers to
make BGS-fortified crackers (BGS-C), to investigate their therapeutic impact on
DM. A 35-day therapeutic trial on 15 male Wister rats was performed. Rats were
divided into five groups where G0 (non-diabetic: control diet), G1 (diabetic:
Metformin), G2 (diabetic: Metformin + 25% BGS-C), G3 (diabetic: Metformin + 50%
BGS-C), and G4 (diabetic: Metformin + 75% BGS-C). The results of this study
revealed that the inclusion of BGS-C into the diet of diabetic rats brought much
faster, highly significant, and health-promising outcomes. The results of G4 and
G3 were quite close to the normal healthy lab values for almost all biomarkers
including body weight, diabetic biomarkers, lipid profile,
liver and renal function tests. The
outcomes of G4 when compared to G1 indicated highly significant improvements in
diabetic biomarkers i.e. percentage decline of 11.98% in serum glucose, 33.7% in
serum insulin, and 54.8% in fasting blood glucose. These outcomes have
strengthened the nutraceutical significance of BGS against DM. Moreover, the
treatment of DM only relying on the medicine may prolong the disease but the use
of BGS along with the use of medicine may help in speeding up the recovery
process from DM. Hence, the regular dietary intake of BG or BGS is highly
recommended to lower the negative health outcomes of DM and its associated
metabolic disorders.
To Cite This Article:
AlMasoud N, Rabail R,
Alomar TS, Munir S, Hassan SA and Aadil RM, 2024.
Therapeutic impact of bitter gourd seed-fortified crackers on alloxan-induced
diabetic rats. Pak Vet J, 44(3): 629-636.
http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.191