Tick and tick-borne diseases significantly affect the global economy by causing huge economic losses in the livestock industry and posing health risks to both animals and humans. Among various tick species, Hyalomma ticks are considered to be one of the dangerous blood-sucking ectoparasites of small and large ruminants. Their role in transmitting dangerous pathogens further increases their threat to the veterinary and medical sectors. Various control methods, such as chemical acaricides, biological agents, and antigenic vaccination have been adapted to minimize Hyalomma tick infestations. However, these conventional strategies face major challenges, including drug toxicity, the emergence of resistant tick populations, and antigenic mutations, reducing their long-term effectiveness. To overcome these limitations, researchers are shifting towards plant-based alternatives such as botanical extracts and essential oils derived from medicinal plants. These natural compounds have shown promising acaricidal and repellent effects while being eco-friendly and non-toxic to host species. Current reports have published various standardization practices and experimental designs to evaluate the efficacy of essential oils against Hyalomma ticks. The bioactive components, such as terpenes and phenolics, disrupt tick physiology, preventing their survival and reproduction. Due to their potent effect and minimal environmental impact, essential oils have gained significant attention worldwide. A thorough investigation has been conducted to demonstrate how different essential oils and their chemical components work as acaricides and repellents against Hyalomma ticks.

To Cite This Article: Omar MA and Albarrak SM, 2025. The Acaricidal and Repellent Efficacy of Essential Oils and Their Immunomodulatory Effects against Hyalomma Ticks: A Review Article. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.122