Previous research has demonstrated that porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) express type I complement receptor molecules (CR1-like). Inhibition of CR1-like activity has been shown to reduce the susceptibility of PAMs to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection, indicating that CR1-like facilitates PRRSV infection; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study employed techniques such as immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, scanning electron microscopy, immune blocking, and real-time fluorescence quantification to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying CR1-like mediated PRRSV antibody-dependent enhancement. The findings revealed that the binding of CR1-like to the PRRSV antigen-antibody complex induces dynamic alterations in membrane skeleton proteins, thereby facilitating PRRSV entry into PAMs.

To Cite This Article: Yin W, Li Q, Xu L, Cheng J, Zhang Z, Wang N, Li H, Fan K, Zhang Z, Sun N, Sun P and Yang H 2025. Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement of PRRSV infection: insights into CR1-like mediated pathways in PAMs. Pak Vet J. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.255