Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Fish Collected from the River
Ravi, Pakistan
Ghazala Jabeen*, Muhammad Javed and Hamda Azmat
Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad
*Corresponding author: ammararahal@yahoo.com
Abstract
The toxicity of heavy metals viz. aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), barium (Ba),
chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) in fish at three main public fishing
sites of the river Ravi viz. Shahdara bridge, Baloki headworks and Sidhnai
barrage has been studied from June, 2009 to May, 2010. The concentrations of
heavy metals in the body organs (gills, liver, kidney, intestine, reproductive
organs, skin, muscle, fins, scales, bones, fats) of three fish species viz.
Catla catla,
Labeo rohita and
Cirrhina mrigala were determined. The
present results reveal that the toxicity of metals fluctuated significantly in
fish at all the three sampling stations with season. The fish samples collected
from all the three sampling stations had significantly higher aluminium and
zinc. However, the fish at Sidhnai barrage showed significantly lower metallic
toxicity, followed by that at Baloki headworks and Shahdara bridge.
Significantly higher metals were observed in fish liver, followed by that of
kidney, gills, intestine, reproductive organs, skin, scales, fins, bones, muscle
and fats. The accumulation of metals in carnivorous fish body organs showed
significantly direct dependence on the metallic toxicity of herbivorous
cyprinids.Fish liver and kidney
showed significantly higher abilities for the accumulation of all metals while
accumulations were lowest in fish muscle and fats. The health status of river
Ravi at three main public fishing sites viz. Shahdara bridge, Baloki headworks
and Sidhnai barrage, with respect to eco-toxicity of Al, As, Ba, Cr, Ni and Zn
was above the recommended permissible standards.
Key words:
Accumulation,
Fish,
Heavy metals,
Organs,
River Ravi