Quantitative Structure activity relationship and risk analysis of
some pesticides in the cattle milk
Faqir Muhammad*, Ijaz Javed, Masood Akhtar1, Zia-ur-Rahman,
Mian Muhammad Awais1, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi2
and Muhammad Irfan Anwar3
Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, 1Department of Parasitology, 2Department
of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan;
3Poultry Research Institute, Office of Deputy District
Livestock Officer (Poultry), Faisalabad, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: faqirmuhammad33@gmail.com
Abstract
Milk of cattle was collected
from various localities of Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
Pesticides concentration was determined by HPLC using solid phase
microextraction. The residue analysis
revealed that about 40% milk samples was found contaminated with pesticides. The
mean±SE levels (ppm) of cyhalothrin, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin
were 0.38±0.02,
0.26±0.02, 0.072±0.01 and 0.085±0.02, respectively. Quantitative structure activity relationship
(QSAR) models predict the residues of unknown pesticides in the milk of cattle
using their known physicochemical properties such as molecular weight (MW),
melting point (MP), and log octanol to water partition coefficient (Ko/w) as
well as the milk characteristics such as pH, % fat, and specific gravity (SG) in
this species. The analysis revealed good correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.91)
for cattle QSAR model. The coefficient for Ko/w for the studied pesticides was
higher in cattle milk. Risk analysis was conducted based upon the determined
pesticide residues and their provisional tolerable daily intakes. The
daily intake levels of pesticide
residues including cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in present study
were 3, 11, 2.5 times higher, respectively in cattle milk. This intake of
pesticide contaminated milk might pose health hazards to humans in this
locality.