1College
of Animal Science, Henan
Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province,
453003, China; 2School of Medical Science and Laboratory
Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China;
*Corresponding author:panyaoqian@163.com
Abstract
A study on dogs with spontaneous acute distemper
was carried to investigate the alteration of T and B cells subsets relating to
immunosuppression and lymphocytic depletion in lymphoid tissues. CD3, CD4, CD8
and CD45RO antigen expression of T cells and IgG and IgM antibody expression of
B cells and distribution of canine distemper virus (CDV) antigen were detected
in lymphoid tissues and bone marrow by immunohistochemistry. The results showed
the CDV antigen presence in lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells,
interdigitating cells, macrophages and myelocytes. Compared to control group, a
moderate loss of CD3+and CD8+ cells (P<0.05), significant loss of CD4+ and
CD45RO+ cells (P<0.01) were found in T cell areas of lymphoid tissues. The ratio
of CD4+/CD8+ cells was about 0.8:1. There were lots of IgG+ cells with a fewscattered CD3+,CD4+and CD8+cells, few IgM+ and CD45RO+ cells in the
follicle-like areas. Many IgG+ cells were detected in B cell areas, but the
total of IgG+ cells were sharply reduced. The decrease orders of lymphocytic
subsets were distinct in IgG+ cells and CD4+ cells, moderate in IgM+ cells and
CD45RO+ cells, mild in CD8+ cells and CD3+ cells. The main reason of
immunosuppression is the significant decrease of CD4 cells lead to the lower
CD4/CD8 ratio, and low IgG+ cells lead to lower concentration of antibody
against CDV. The reduce amount of lymphocytes especially B cells in lymphoid
tissues lead to lymphoid depletion and the regeneration of immunocytes is
evidently reduces in bone marrow.
Key words: B cells,
Canine distemper virus,
Lymphoid tissue,
Subsets, T cells