The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between growth hormone gene (GH) polymorphism and estimated body weight in Arabian camels. This was achieved by sequencing and alignment of the growth hormone (GH) gene in four Saudi Arabian camel breeds (Majaheem, Saheli, Waddah and Homor); searching for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and correlating them with estimated body weight. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to detect SNPs in the genotype of 200 animals from each breed. Thirteen SNPs (two insertion and eleven substitution) were detected in the Majahem breed, and one was detected in the Waddah and Homor breeds each at position 419 (C419T).  Two SNPs (C419T and T450C) were detected in the Saheli breed. Of these the T450C SNP was associated with increased estimated body weight. Both male and female Saheli camels with the CC genotype had higher body weights than the CT and TT genotypes (P≤0.05).The SNP T450C, which was detected only in camels of the Saheli breed, was correlated with greater body weight. Consequently, this SNP may be a useful marker in the selection of camels for higher growth rate and meat production.

Key words: Body weight, Growth hormone gene polymorphism, Saudi camels