Sonographic Determination of Residual Bladder Volume after
Application of Different Cystotomy Closure Techniques in Dogs
IU Khan1*,
MA Khan2, SG Bokhari2,
A Safdar2, M Shoaib1, H Akbar2, S
Aslam2, MA Khan2 and A Noor2
1Gomal College of Veterinary Sciences, Gomal University,
D.I. Khan, Pakistan; 2University
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore,
Pakistan *Corresponding author:
imdadsaifi@gmail.com
Abstract
Residual urine volume is measured to diagnose various neurogenic and obstructive
disorders of the urinary bladder. However, it is hypothesized that cystotomy
closure using inverting patterns decreases intraluminal diameter of urinary
bladder which consequently reduce residual bladder volume. This study aimed to
investigate the ideal suturing style for cystotomy incision closure which would
exert the least effect on residual bladder volume. The effect of various
suturing styles on residual bladder volume was studied sonographically. Residual
Bladder Volume (RBV) was calculated by the formula, i.e. RBV=L×W×
(DL+DT)/2×0.625, where L=longitudinal diameter, W=transverse diameter, DL= depth
at longitudinal diameter, DT=depth at transverse diameter. 24 healthy mongrel
dogs were selected and randomly divided into four equal groups A, B, C and D
(n=6). In groups A, B and C, the cystotomy incision was subsequently closed by
two-layered appositional suturing pattern, two-layered inverting pattern and
three layers (using a combination of appositional and inverting styles),
respectively. Group-D remained as sham-operated Control. The results clearly
showed that the three-layered closure technique using a combination of
appositional and inverting patterns (Group-C), significantly reduced the bladder
volume (P<0.01). Two-layered inverting patterns (Group B), also reduced the
bladder volume but not up to a significant level, whereas, the appositional
suturing technique (group-A) exerted the least effect on residual bladder
volume. Conclusively, it was inferred that a two-layered appositional suturing
pattern should be preferred for closure of cystotomy incision to avoid
significant changes in residual bladder volume.