PAKISTAN
VETERINARY
JOURNAL
     
 
previous page   Pak Vet J, 2018, 38(1): 7-12   next page
 
Surveillance of Avian Influenza Virus of H5N1 Subtype in Backyard Animals and Its Introduction in Bali, Indonesia
 
GN Mahardika*, AAAM Adi, NK Besung, NS Dharmawan, GAY Kencana, ALT Rompis, P Sampurna, LE Setiasih, W Suardana, IBK Suardana, GK Suarjana, N Suartha, GAA Suartini, NK Suwiti and IH Utama
 
The Animal Biomedical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Jl. PB Sudirman, Denpasar 80225, Bali, Indonesia; *Corresponding author: gnmahardika@unud.ac.id
 

Abstract   

Epidemiological studies of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 (HPAIV-H5N1) in pet and backyard animals are limited. Here we provide serological and virological evidences of infection in various animals in households in Bali, Indonesia in 2005 and 2006. Serum and swab samples from poultry, pigs, dogs, and cats were collected using a stratified random sampling design. Antibodies against HPAIV-H5 were detected in sera using the standard hemagglutination inhibition assay, and the presence of HPAIV-H5N1 in swabs was confirmed by using egg inoculation technique, a hemagglutination assay, and molecular methods. The phylogeny and virus dispersal were inferred using BEAST and SPREAD software. The results showed that the seroprevalence of village chickens to waterfowl, poultry to pigs, and year of study varied significantly in the province (P<0.001). The seroprevalences in dogs and cats were 1.85% and 7.50%, respectively. Moreover, HPAIV-H5N1 was isolated in all species except cats. The isolation rates varied between species and between the years of surveillance, too. Virus dispersal analysis showed that isolates from Bali grouped into two major clades with good statistical support. In light of these findings, surveillance of HPAIV should be extended to all poultry and mammalian species present in backyard environment.

To Cite This Article: Mahardika GN, Adi AAAM, Besung NK, Dharmawan NS, Kencana GAY, Rompis ALT, Sampurna P, Setiasih LE, Suardana W, Suardana IBK, Suarjana GK, Suartha N, Suartini GAA, Suwiti NK and Utama IH, 2018. Surveillance of avian influenza virus of H5N1 subtype in backyard animals and its introduction in Bali, Indonesia. Pak Vet J, 38(1): 7-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.002

 
   

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)
ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)



scopus
 
DOI
 
DOAJ SEAL