The present study describes the diagnosis and surgical treatment of unilateral suppurative pyelonephritis in a 6-years-old female dromedary camel, weighing 330 kg. The animal was presented with a history of anorexia and decreased urine output for 11 days. Based on the clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic examinations, the case was diagnosed to be a right kidney suppurative pyelonephritis. The she camel was subjected to right nephrectomy. The surgically removed kidney was enlarged, weighing 3.4 kg. Microscopic and biochemical examination of the pus sample taken from the affected kidney showed the presence of pure Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Histopathologically, the glomeruli showed congestion and periglomerular fibrosis. During the post-operative follow-up period, the she camel showed gradual improvement till complete recovery. In conclusion, the collaboration between clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and histopathological evaluation would constitute a reliable approach for a precise diagnosis and preoperative planning for unilateral nephrectomy in a female dromedary camel.