Bushra Akhtar¹, Faqir Muhammad^1*, Bilal Aslam¹ and Muhammad Kashif Saleemi²

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside and protein synthesis inhibitor. It is available in parenteral and topical forms (for local effects only). We optimized two nanoformulations of gentamicin for achieving therapeutic drug concentration with better patient compliance and studied their safety profiles. Gentamicin loaded poly lactic co glycolic acid nanoparticles (GM-PLGA NPs) were prepared by solvent evaporation method and coated with chitosan for oral delivery. The second formulation was optimized by incorporating GM-PLGA NPs to the baking layer of various polymer ratios for transdermal drug delivery. Both nanoformulations were characterized. Rabbits were divided into 3 groups with 6 animals in each group. Nanoformulations were administered as single dose/application to rabbits. Blood was drawn daily from jugular vein of rabbits for 5 days post drug administration. Hematological and biochemical parameters were examined. Animals were sacrificed at 5^th day of study. Gross morphological changes of vital organs were observed. Liver, kidney and skin samples were harvested, weighed and studied for histopathology. All the results were expressed in terms of Mean ± SE and were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance using Graph pad prism version 6. No gross morphological changes were observed. Both the hematological and biochemical parameters showed non-significant differences (P˃0.05). Histopathology revealed no signs of inflammation or necrosis in the treatment groups. Both the formulations were found non-toxic in the experimental animals. So, these might be used as potential carrier for gentamicin delivery in therapeutics.

To Cite This Article: Akhtar B, Muhammad F, Aslam B and Saleemi MK, 2020. Toxicity studies of oral and transdermal formulations of gentamicin loaded PLGA nanoparticles in animal model. Pak Vet J, 40(1): 67-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2019.121