Drug Resistance Modulation of Dairy MRSA through
Berberine, Artesunate and Quercetin in Combination with β-Lactams
Saad Ahmad1, Amjad Islam Aqib2**, Muzafar
Ghafoor3, Muhammad Shoaib4, Shahbaz ul Haq5,
Farid Shokry Ataya6
and Li Jianxi1*
1Engineering
& Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary
Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and
Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Lanzhou 730050, China
2Department
of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; 3Department of Clinical
Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000,
Pakistan; 4Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project,
Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical
Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou
Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; 5Department
of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou,
Guangdong 51504, China; 6Department
of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box
2455, 24, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
*Corresponding author:*lzjianxil@163.com;
**amjadislamaqib@cuvas.edu.pk
Abstract
The continued use of antibiotics is bringing extensive resistance in methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)of dairy animals and demands inclusion of non-antibiotic sources in
treatment protocols. The current study aims to explore antibacterial potential
of berberine (BR), artesunate (AR), and quercetin (QT) and extent of their
resistance modulation capacity in combination with β-lactam antibiotics against
MRSA. For this study, a total of 674 milk samples from dairy cows were collected
for isolation of MRSA and thereafter phytochemicals (drugs) alone and in
combination with β-lactams (penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, ampicillin) were
evaluated against MRSA. The synergy testing showed all synergistic effects
except AR with penicillin which was additive effect. The synergism of
antibiotics and phytochemicals was further confirmed by time-kill assay. The
killing kinetics revealed a zero bacterial count at 16h of incubation in all
combinations. Additionally, the killing synergy showed a significant decline
i.e. less than 60% in case of BR in combination with oxacillin and penicillin at
the initial 2h of incubation followed by AR and QT in combination with
ampicillin. The study thus revealed potential antibacterial effects of berberine,
artesunate, and quercetin along with significant resistance modulation in terms
of highly synergistic combinations with antibiotics focused on novel insights
into alternatives to antimicrobials to pave the road for antimicrobial
stewardship against ailments like mastitis.
To Cite This Article:
Ahmad S, Aqib AI,
Ghafoor M, Shoaib M, Haq SU, Ataya FS
and Jianxi L, 2024. Drug resistance modulation of dairy MRSA through
berberine, artesunate, and quercetin in combination with β-Lactams. Pak Vet J,
44(2): 510-516. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.171