PAKISTAN
VETERINARY
JOURNAL
     
 
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Ameliorative Potential of Kaempferide to Counteract Paraquat Instigated Nephrotoxicity in Rats
 
Muhammad Umar Ijaz1,*, Ayesha Siddiqa1, Ali Akbar1, Nazia Ehsan1, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim2 and Mian Nadeem Riaz3
 

1Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
2Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 2476, USA
*Corresponding author: umar.ijaz@uaf.edu.pk

Abstract   

Paraquat (PQT) is among the most toxic herbicides that possesses the potential to exert deleterious effects on animal and human health. Kaempferide (KMF) is a natural flavanol that manifests profound therapeutic potential. Rats (n=24) were separated into 4 groups i.e., Control, PQT 5 mgkg-1, PQT 5 mgkg-1 + KMF 20 mgkg-1 and KMF 20 mgkg-1 administered group. After 30 days of treatment, our results revealed that PQT exposure reduced the activities of antioxidant enzymes i.e., glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) while increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, PQT intoxication reduced the level of renal biomarkers i.e., creatinine clearance, and increased the level of creatinine, urea, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). In addition to this, it increased the levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as increased the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).   Furthermore, PQT exposure increased the levels of caspase-9, Bax and caspase-3 while it decreased the levels of Bcl-2. Additionally, histological analysis showed substantial renal tissue damage in PQT intoxicated rats. However, KMF treatment recovered the renal impairments. Therefore, it is proposed that KMF may be used as a nephroprotective agent against PQT-prompted renal toxicity.

To Cite This Article: Ijaz1 MU, Siddiqa A, Akbar A, Ehsan N, Al-Ghanim K.A, Riaz MN, 2024. Ameliorative potential of kaempferide to counteract paraquat instigated nephrotoxicity in rats. Pak Vet J, 44(3): 944-948. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2024.228

 
 
   
 

ISSN 0253-8318 (Print)
ISSN 2074-7764 (Online)



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