Chicken is a rich source of protein in food and model animal for research due to ease of handling, low generation interval, and early sexual maturity. Genetic manipulation to study genetic role could improve chicken genetics, and reproductive biology. As precursor of germ cell formation and new generation development, primordial germinal cells (PGCs) can be studied using molecular biology methods like gene editing to precisely modify the next generation. OMICS has four categories; Metabolomics is involved in providing energy to PGCs by nutrition and controlling PGCs by different metabolomics pathways. Genomics, expression of genes, genetic markers, and epigenetic regulators are involved in the process of control of PGCs. Transcriptomes is the influence of genomics in the form of message or code controlling PGCs by different pathways. Proteomics is the last and major part involving the formation of different proteins responsible for the regulation of PGCs. Integrated OMICS improves PGCs regulation, genetics selection, and reproduction management, but the large amount of data from all fields limits it. In developmental biology, germline modification, germ cell transplant, and PGCs with unique biological traits may produce the best transgenic chickens. Reproductive biology is slowly developing and can use gene-editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9 proteins and Single Cell RNA sequences for innovation.

To Cite This Article: Mazhar F, Geng Q, Zhao Z, Cheng F, Wang Z, Chen J, Liang K, Zhang L and Zhang Y 2025. Chicken primordial germ cells (pgcs) formation, regulation, and fate determination under omics approaches: a comprehensive scientific review. Pak Vet J, 45(2): 475-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.187