Cytomorphological studies are vital for detecting blood diseases in buffalo. The size and structure analysis of blood cells identifies abnormalities indicating infections, anemia, leukemia, or parasites like Babesia spp. or Theileria spp. This enables the prompt diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. Cytomorphology-based studies could be intensively helpful in promoting buffalo health and enhancing productivity, besides being cost-effective and minimally invasive. These studies complement diagnostic tools and improve veterinary hematology and disease surveillance, supporting animal health and agricultural sustainability. Hence, the present study was designed to explore the detailed cytomorphological characteristics of blood cells in adult buffalo. Twenty-four blood samples were collected irrespective of sex. Air-dried thin blood smears were prepared and stained with MGG stain to facilitate the analysis of various cellular components present in buffalo blood. The thin buffalo blood smears were examined under a magnification of 1000X utilizing an Olympus CX33RTFS2 microscope. The observed blood cells were RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. WBCs were further categorized into granulocytes and agranulocytes. The erythrocytes of buffalo were found to be non-nucleated and round. Neutrophils appeared as rounded cells with the cytoplasm containing granules. Eosinophils also had a round outline featuring distinct cytoplasmic granules. Basophils were observed infrequently, characterized by distinct blue granules in the cytoplasm. Three types of lymphocytes were observed in the present study: small, medium, and large. Monocytes were noted to be round, while platelets were irregular and round in structure. Occasionally, reticulocytes were observed, appearing as small, thin blue rods or granules. In conclusion, the light microscopic analysis of buffalo blood cells revealed similarities to those of some previously studied animals, with only a few minor morphological differences.

To Cite This Article: Choudhary OP, Saini J, Mahajan C and Choudhary P 2025. Cytomorphological characteristics of peripheral blood cells in adult buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Pak Vet J, 45(2): 906-912. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.198