Molecular Characterization of
Three Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Isolates
and Their Susceptibility to Antiviral Drugs
Hongxia Hu, Xian Zhang, Hansong Zhang, Guilan Wen§,
Chao Tong, Xiaoliang Li and Weihuan Fang*
Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary
Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; §Also
affiliated with College of Animal Science, Guizhou University,
Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China *Corresponding author: whfang@zju.edu.cn
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
virus (PRRSV) is one of the most common swine pathogens that cause severe
economic losses to the pig industry worldwide irrespective of the use of live or
inactivated vaccines. This study aims to investigate the biological
characteristics of three PRRSV isolates and their susceptibility to two
antiviral drugs. Sequence analysis of the NSP2 gene classified two isolates as
highly pathogenic (isolates FY and ZS) and one as classically pathogenic
(isolate JX). Isolate FY grew faster than the other two isolates in MARC-145
cells; however, its RNA replication was lower than isolate ZS. By contrast,
isolate JX exhibited slower growth and lower RNA replication capability. PRRSV
infection suppressed the production of interferon β induced by poly (I:C). The
viruses also differed in their susceptibility to antiviral drugs. Ribavirin
exerted potent antiviral activity against all three viral isolates at
concentrations of 7.5 and 15 μg/mL in MARC-145 cells. Acyclovir was found
effective only on the classically pathogenic isolate. We suggest that ribavirin
could have potential as an antiviral therapy for porcine reproductive and
respiratory syndrome when vaccination is not able to provide effective
protection.