Development and Evaluation of an ELISA Assay for
Quantitation of Chlamydia
abortus Pmp18 Antibodies in Pigs
Tianyuan Zhang1, Qiang Zhang1,
Jun Chu1, Shanshan Liu 1, Francis O Eko2
and Cheng He*
1Key Lab of
Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College
of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2Department of
Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of
Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
*Corresponding author: hecheng@cau.edu.cn
Abstract
Chlamydia abortus (C.
abortus) is a major cause of abortion in sheep and goats with pigs and
cattle also being affected. As several infectious agents are known to cause
late-term abortions in small ruminants, good detection methods to identify
C. abortus
infection are desired in order to develop a rapid course of action and
prevention strategies. The objective of this study was to determine if an
indirect ELISA assay utilizing the 65kD N-terminal fragment of the recombinant
C.
abortus Pmp18 (Pmp18-N) protein would
function as an improved alternative to the complement fixation test (CFT) for
detection of C. abortus-specific antibody in pigs. The test was assessed with
serum samples from a panel of 58 experimentally infected and 24 uninfected
specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs as well as 495 clinical samples obtained from
farm animals. Results were compared with those obtained by the CFT. Compared to
the commercial CFT using MOMP antigen, the sensitivity and specificity of the
test was 98.2 and 87.5%, respectively while the concordance was 91.7%. No cross
reaction with sera positive for other abortion-associated pathogens was found,
including classical swine fever virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory
syndrome virus, porcine pseudorabies virus, Japanese encephalitis virus,
Brucella suis and avian
Chlamydia psittaci. Of the 495
clinical samples analyzed, 12.1% were positive with the Pmp18-N compared to
11.1% with the commercial CFT kit. Interestingly, the Pmp18-N based test
detected 0.75, 15.3 and 20.0% positivity in boars, fattening pigs and sows,
respectively. Taken together, serological diagnosis based on Pmp18-N was shown
to be rapid, sensitive and specific in detecting
C. abortus-specific antibody.
Key words:
Antibody; pig, Chlamydia abortus, Indirect ELISA, N terminal of polymorphic Membrane protein 18