1Department
of Life Sciences (Zoology)The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur- 63100, Pakistan; 2University College of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur- 63100; 3Centre of Excellence in Marine
Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan; 4Pakistan
Science Foundation Islamabad, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors:
dr.abdul.ghaffar@iub.edu.pk; driazhussain@yahoo.com
Abstract
The objective of present experimental study was
to ascertain the reproductive and some serum biochemical effects following oral
administration of arsenic and copper sulfate in adult male birds. For this
purpose, adult cockerels (Lohmann Selected White Leghorn) were randomly allotted
into seven equal groups. The male birds were fed with a standard control diet
containing 20% crude proteins. Arsenic and copper sulfate significantly (P≤0.05)
decreased the absolute weight of testes, liver,
kidneys, spleen, lungs, heart and thymus in male birds.
Histologically, the liver was congested and showed extensive fatty infiltration
and biliary hyperplasia. Kidneys showed renal tubular necrosis, hypertrophy of glomeruli, and congestion. Different microscopic changes such as
necrosis nuclei of spermatids, admixture of necrotic spermatids and
disorganization of seminiferous tubules along with arrest of spermatogenesis
were observed in testicular tissues. Furthermore, arsenic and copper sulfate
significantly decreased plasma proteins, serum total proteins, serum globulins
and albumins concentrations in birds. Conversely, the concentrations of serum
urea, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase were increased in birds given arsenic
and copper sulfate. The concentrations of lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde),
levels of liver enzyme (aspartate aminotransferase) and cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB,
triglyceride and cholesterol) increased significantly in birds treated with
arsenic and copper sulfate. In summary,we
showed that subacute exposure of birds to arsenic and copper sulfate induced
oxidative stress and different tissue changes in birds.