Chlorpyrifos Induced Dermal Toxicity in Albino
Rabbits
Asif Riaz1, Mazhar Ulhaq1,
Imtiaz Ahmad Khan2*, Ahrar Khan3, Riaz Hussain4,
Arfan Yousaf5 and Faqir Muhammad6
1Department
of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences; 2Department of
Pathobiology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University
Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan; 3Department of Pathology,
University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; 4University
College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; 5Department of Clinical
Studies, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
46300, Pakistan; 6Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and
pharmacology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan *Corresponding author: imtiazarana@uaar.edu.pk
Abstract
Organophosphates being acetylcholine esterase
inhibitors are immoderately used as insecticides on a variety of agriculture
crops. Toxicity of such compounds like chlorpyrifos (CPF) poses serious health
issues to the individuals at risk. The concentrations below the probable
occupational exposure were selected to ascertain the extent of dermal damage in
experimentally exposed animals. To determine CPF induced dermal toxicity, a
total of 24 adult albino rabbits of both genders and of the same age group was
categorized as group A and B, respectively. Group A was further sub grouped into
A1 (all males) and A2 (all females). Similarly, group B was divided into B1 (all
males) and B2 (all females). Four different dosing sites of one square inch each
were selected. For naked topical CPF application, each animal of sub group A1
and A2 topically dosed 500µl of 20%, 30% CPF ethanolic solution, its commercial
formulation and ethanol (control) on four dosing sites separately. The dosage of
CPF solutions (20% & 30%), commercial formulation and ethanol (control) were
repeated every 24 hours for 72 hours and observed for 96 hours. Similar groups
were made for occluded topical CPF. Treated animals were observed for gross
dermal lesions (erythema scoring of varying grades). Skin tissues from treated
sites were taken and processed for histopathological and morphometric changes.
Erythema scoring was increased in animals treated with high doses of CPF both in
different concentration and commercial preparations in a dose dependent
response. The number of layers of erythema in chemically exposed skins of
rabbits was also increased in dose dependent response both in naked and occluded
groups. The dermal insult induced in both exposure concentrations at par with
the commercial preparation indicated the level of toxicity of this compound and
public health consequences might be predicted.
To Cite This Article: Riaz A, Ulhaq M, Khan IA, Khan A, Hussain R, Yousaf A
and Muhammad F, 2018. Chlorpyrifos induced dermal toxicity in albino rabbits.
Pak Vet J, 38(1): 91-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.018