Antimicrobial resistance poses a global threat to economic stability, public health, and food security, contributing to the deaths of an estimated 5 million people annually associated with resistant infections. This review examines the current knowledge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by analyzing the complex, multi-sectoral transformation dynamics of resistant pathogens among human, animal and environmental reservoirs using One Health principles. Novel antibiotics, bacteriophage therapy, CRISPR-Cas systems, and antimicrobial peptides are innovative therapies with promising results but face significant challenges including high costs, stability, and scalability limitations. Surveillance, policy enforcement, and public awareness are key strategies for addressing the AMR through One Health approach, which provides an integrated framework linking human, animal, and environmental health. Practical examples from Sweden and Jordan demonstrate the potential of regulations and multi-sectoral collaboration. The significant hurdles arise because of the global gap in coordination, funding and behavioral resistance. This review underscores the need for advanced diagnostics, sustained research, and equitable access to interventions for combating AMR. Addressing this global crisis requires coordinated efforts encompassing scientific innovation, community engagement, and effective policymaking to protect future generations.

To Cite This Article: Khalil Mohamed¹* 2025. Tackling antimicrobial resistance using One Health approach: a review of mechanisms, current therapies and policies. Pak Vet J, 45(4): 1503-1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2025.327